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In professional team sports, a traveling team (also called a road team) is a member of a professional league that never or rarely competes in its home arena or stadium. This differs from a barnstorming team in that the latter does not compete within a league or association framework. While leagues may designate a traveling team prior to the start of competition, some teams become road teams by simply not scheduling any home games. While the use of traveling teams has been sparing on the upper levels of professional sports, the National Football League had such road teams (such as the Hammond Pros, Oorang Indians, and Columbus Panhandles) in the formative years of the league. Other professional sports leagues on the major league level have employed traveling teams, the most recent being World Team Tennis, with "The Soviets" nominally being based in Philadelphia. ==Traveling teams in major professional American football== Below is a list of the traveling teams that were members of the National Football League, the first American Football League, or the second American Football League. No other major professional league of American football had such road teams, the last of which was the 1952 Dallas Texans of the National Football League. To qualify for the list, the team must have played a complete season of at least four games on the road. Teams that had the traveling team status imposed upon them in midseason are noted.〔David S. Neft, Richard S. Cohen, and Rick Korch, ''The Football Encyclopedia: The Complete Year-By-Year History of Professional Football From 1892 to the Present'' (St. Martin's Press 1994) ISBN 0-312-11435-4〕 *Columbus Panhandles - 1920-22 (two home games out of 22 played) *Hammond Pros - 1920-24 (one home game out of 24; became Akron Pros in 1925)〔(''Race and Sport: The Struggle for Equality on and off the Field'' ) ISBN 1-57806-897-5〕 *Rochester Jeffersons - 1920, 1925 (no home games these two seasons - team active in NFL 1920-1925) *Cincinnati Celts - 1921 (no home games out of four) *Oorang Indians - 1922-23 (one home game out of 20)〔(''Last Team Standing: How the Steelers and the Eagles - "The Steagles" - Saved Pro Football During World War II'' ) ISBN 0-306-81472-2〕 *Columbus Tigers - 1924-26 (two home games out of 24) *Dayton Triangles - 1924-29 (three home games out of 42) *Kansas City Blues - 1925 (no home games out of eight) *Los Angeles Buccaneers - 1926 (based in Chicago; no home games out of 10)〔(Los Angeles Football Story ) from nfl.com〕 *Louisville Colonels - 1926 (no home games out of four) *Los Angeles Wildcats (AFL I) - 1926 (based in Moline, Illinois; no home games out of 14, played one designated "home game" in Toronto and also had a post-season "home stand" in California in early 1927)〔(''Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football ) ISBN 0-19-511913-4〕 *Rock Island Independents (AFL) - 1926 (after three games at home, became a traveling team, playing remaining six games on the road) *Duluth Eskimos - 1927 (no home games out of nine)〔(''Total Football II: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League'' ) ISBN 0-06-039232-0〕 *Brooklyn Tigers (AFL II) - 1936 (sole home game as Brooklyn Tigers was moved from Ebbets Field to Yankee Stadium for a game with the New York Yankees; Tigers moved to Rochester for first actual home game (at Silver Stadium), then folded. Team played seven games total.) *Dallas Texans - 1952 (after drawing poorly in five home games, the NFL declared them a ''road team'', with one designated "home game" in Akron, Ohio. The last five games were on the road)〔(''The Landry Legend: Grace Under Pressure'' ) ISBN 0-8499-0728-4〕 There have been no NFL traveling teams since 1952, owing to the increased stability of the league. Even in cases when an NFL team's home stadium has been rendered unusable due to damages or renovations, the teams have arranged and designated temporary home stadiums in each case and no NFL team has had to play more than two designated home games (out of eight in a season) outside their home stadium. Recently some "home" games have been played in London's Wembley Stadium as part of the NFL International Series. Some teams have even appeared as a "home" team in London in consecutive years. The Canadian Football League has had two road teams. The first was the Las Vegas Posse (a CFL USA team), which was converted into "road team" status for the last few weeks of the 1994 season. The team had drawn very poorly in Las Vegas (its last game drew less than 2,500 fans) and was folded at the end of the season.〔(Las Vegas loses CFL team ). New York Times. 22 October 1994.〕 The second was the 2015 Toronto Argonauts; the Argonauts experienced multiple schedule conflicts at their home stadium, the Rogers Centre, which also hosted the 2015 Pan American Games and the Toronto Blue Jays that season, allowing only half of their ten home games to be played at the Centre and games to be moved to places such as Hamilton,〔(Argonauts release statement regarding Oct. 17 home game )〕 Ottawa and Fort McMurray, Alberta.〔(No joke, CFL schedule takes turn for bizarre in 2015 )〕 The Argonauts' scheduled move to BMO Field for the 2016 season is expected to resolve these scheduling issues. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Traveling team」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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